GENETIC CODE
Genetic code - the carrier of hereditary information genetic code represents a string encoded information or directions to start or to stop The translation process (translation) protein. Code consists of nucleotide bases of DNA, which defines the structure and function of the body in general. Here bases listed the gene translated into strings of amino acids (protein structure). The translation system encoding of a string of nucleotides (RNA-i) in the range of amino acids (protein) uses a code consisting of three bases called-encoding (64 species are known to codons). Basics ndiktojnë the collection of amino acids with a fixed rule for the synthesis of a specific polypeptide chain. Sixty (60) of the sixty-four (64) codons, code for specific amino acids, while three of them serve as signs of the stop (stop), or as stop codons (nonsense codon) as p.sh UAA, UGA and UAG, who are required to complete The translation of that they operate as last fialise. This is the time when RNA-r releases performed polipepüdik string of protein. We have also an AUG, for initiating universal code that serves as a signal to start, coding for the amino acid methionine to eukaryotic cells. Initiator code marks the place in RNA (m-RNA) where to fi starts. So, the message (information) fi starts and makes the correct reading the news (information). It is known that more than one codon (triplet pairs) can specitikoi to an amino acid phenylalanine amino acid as p.sh, coded by UCC and uuu bases, while the amino acid tyrosine specified by DNA sequencing ATG and ATA. For amino acids that have more than one code, the first two code bases (Triplett) are the same, while the third base position may be different. Key Events formation of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis pass in three main processes: 1. Replication (sintezae DNA, or DNA replication). DNA has the ability to perform copying itself and enables transfer of heritage properties in the offspring ie that it is accurate replication of the DNA of the parent in which the genetic information encoded. 2. transcription (description, the formation of RNA from DNA or RNA synthesis). RNA primary structure is the same as the structure of DNA, only that it is composed of a single chain polinukleotidik. 3. Transiacioni (translation), in which case the DNA information is translated in the range of amino acids - proteins).
